Identify special precautions necessary when working with capacitor banks and current transformers. There is numerous electrical substation components like outgoing and incoming circuitry each of which having its circuit breakers, isolators, transformers, and busbar system etc for the smooth functioning of the system. The electrical substation design is a complex method with full of engineer planning. A switchyard program is simply a python program that includes a particular entrypoint function which accepts a single parameter. Foss gamemanager, gamelauncher, and support backend. Switchyard equipment introduction substation an electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low or the reverse using transformers. Switchyard equipments equipments commonly found in switchyard. A stepup transmission substation receives electric power from a nearby. Substation and switchyard structures are used to support the abovegrade components and electrical equipment such as cable bus, rigid bus, and strain bus conductors, switches, surge arresters, insulators, and other equipment. This is the time between the instant of occurrence of the fault to the instant at which the relay contacts open. The key steps in the substation designing include switchingsystem, planning and placing of equipment, selection of components as well as ordering, support of engineers, structural design, the design of electrical layout, protection of relay, and major apparatus ratings. The hyderabad unit would manufacture the boiler feed pumps and bhopal and jhansi units would supply electricals and switchyard equipment, the release. The high voltage lines are isolated by the air, for that reason they occupy more space as. An important function performed by a substation is switching.
Costs of repairs, equipment replacements, and medical treatment can run into millions of dollars. Substations are designed to accomplish the following functions, alt. Be able to identify the name of each piece of equipment, as well as its function or use in the laboratory. Download the distribution zip from the switchyard downloads page and unzip it inside of your eap installation. The procedures are based on the current standards for pulmonary function, equipment, testing, and interpretation set by the american thoracic society ats. The scope of work for the project involves the installation of two new 120 mw turbines and accompanying skids, modules, switchyard, busduct, transformers, and embedded conduit systems. It is used to switch generators, equipment, and circuits or lines in and out of a system. Pdf pdf of switchgear and protection pdf of switchgear and. Substation and switchyard structures can be fabricated from latticed angles that form chords and trusses, wide flanges. The switchyard equipment may be associated with a power distribution switchyard or an electric substation. Substation and switchyard support structures for electrical. Arduino technology free circuits interview questions.
Station computers and rtus in transmission object collect all local information and transfer most of it. In an electric power system, switchgear is composed of electrical disconnect switches, fuses or circuit breakers used to control, protect and isolate electrical equipment. The study of 220kv power substation equipment details eep. The circuit breakers are inserted between the component of the zone and the rest of the power system. Switchyard acts as interface between the power plant electrical system and electrical grid. A switching substation, or switchyard, is a substation without transformers that operates only at a single voltage level. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels. Pdf smart grid substation equipment maintenance management. To get support during your free trial, click here, where you can access a range of free information, including tutorials, forums, and expert advice. The design of the gasinsulated switchgears can significantly vary from isolated. Communication networks nsd570 teleprotection equipment.
The difference between the ground potential rise and the surface potential at the point where the person is standing while at the same time having a hand in contact with a grounded structure. The station may consist of transformers, switches, circuit breakers, and other auxiliary equipment. Switchyard level, equipment and interfaces substation. Switchyard equipment and structure be designed to safely withstand earthqua.
Electrical substation components, workings and their functions. Thus, the location of the circuit breaker helps to define the boundaries of the zones of protection. For process fmeas, this is the primary purpose of the manufacturing or assembly operation. Basic substation configurations and the components avo training. Oct 09, 2015 switchyard acts as interface between the power plant electrical system and electrical grid. It is using for transfer of load from one bus to another. Identify the basic steps in making equipment electrically safe to work on. Minimum operating time to clear a fault in order to avoid damage to equipment.
The switchyard kicker is a system of two pulsed and two direct current magnets that enables simultaneous, uninterrupted beam delivery to line d for the lujan center and the weapons neutron. Pdf pdf of switchgear and protection pdf of switchgear. Switchyards and substations are important components of this system. The equipment is designed and manufactured to provide most optimum functional value and neat. Download a free trial of a fully functional version of adobe acrobat pro dc. Power plant switching station switchyard electrical. Us5859596a switchyard equipment monitoring system and. Explore how the acrobat pro pdf editor can simplify the work you do every day. Electrical substation components list diagram, working. Identify chemical hazards that may exist in substations and switchyards. Speed ability to disconnect the faulty part at the earliest possible time.
Electric power may flow through several substations between generating plant and consumer, and may be. Such violent damage often causes death or severe injury to personnel. Name picture use ring stand supports the bunsen burner, iron ring, pipestem triangle, and other items, often while heating a substance. Transmission and distribution substations and switchyards. Fault limiting reactors power factor compensation equipment static var compensators harmonic filters equipment design and selection of ratings layout of these equipment in ahaving an switchyard protection design for substation. The function of the switching station is to isolate the faulty portion of the system in the shortest possible time. The porcelain should be homogeneous and free from all cavities and flaws. Switchyard design a seminar report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree bachelor of technology in electrical engineering by milind punj roll. Substation equipment for fault limiting, pfc and harmonic control need for and application of.
Acrobat pro dc will be set as your default pdf viewer, but you can reset reader as the default by opening reader dc application and going to. Jul 02, 2020 switchyard ppt download published by suzanna stewart modified over 3 years ago. View switchyard design ppts online, safely and virus free. Those data are further downloaded from mri to base computer. Switchgear and switchboard inspection and testing guide. The equipment required for a transformer substation depends upon the type of substation, service requirement and the degree of protection desired. Pdf development of an electrical substation equipment. Safety in substations and switchyards training course. Download free adobe acrobat reader dc software for your windows, mac os and android devices to view, print, and comment on pdf documents.
Installing switchyard switchyard project documentation. Acceptance testing really only proves that the equipment was built to specifications at the factory, it survived the travel and installation, and is the baseline for future. Depending on the zip utility in use, you may be prompted whether existing files should be replaced. Switchyard power4you power4you power from knowledge. Switchyard equipment includes circuit breakers, transformers, and the like.
Power generated at power station transmitted via switchyard. Newer, juno based switchyard tools may be installed on an indigo platform by following the instructions for installing on indigo with the following changes. Pdf classic approach to preventive maintenance of equipment in power. Overview of substations what is a substation and why it is. Deenergizing faulty equipment protects it from further damage, and isolating a fault helps keep the rest of the electrical grid operating with stability. It is recognized that the equipment grounding conductor also performs bonding. A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Dec 25, 2018 the electricity substation is a network of electrical equipment which is connected in a structured way in order to supply electricity to end consumers.
Installing switchyard switchyard project documentation editor. List the major parts of a transmission and distribution systemidentify and describe the functions of a power transformeridentify and describe the functions of a busrecognize and identify design features and protective equipment typically used in substations. This type of equipment is directly linked to the reliability of the electricity supply. Substation standards standard approved by the standards. The collector substation can also provide power factor correction if it is needed, metering, and control of the wind farm. The number of busbars with or without transfer bus is a factor for the. It is characterized by a compact and modular design, which encompasses several different functions in one module. The following is not supported, but provided for those who cannot use juno, but want to give switchyard a try. A system for forecasting the outbound workload in a switchyard. The switchyard is located approximately 850 feet southwest of the right abutment of the dam, and approximately 170 feet higher than the top of the dam. Earthing switch 25 december 20 pmi revision 00 4 functions of various equipment. Smart grid substation equipment maintenance management functionality based on control center scada data. The function must accept at least one parameter, which is a reference to the switchyard network object described below. Summary most large substations have four different physical environments.
Switchgear is used both to deenergize equipment to allow work to be done and to clear faults downstream. In order to attain maximum contentment of customers, we are providing power substation service. The system has a processing entity for which receives information on railcar traffic for handling by the switchyard, wherein the railcar traffic includes railcars that are yet to be switched into classification tracks of the switchyard. Currently, the cost of gis costs is being reduced by integrating certain functions. The antbased installer is a bit more flexible in terms of options and also preserves existing eap configuration. Switchyard definition of switchyard by oxford dictionary. This article discusses electrical substation components namely lightning arrestor, insulator.
Engineering interview questions,mcqs,objective questions,class lecture notes,seminor topics,lab viva pdf ppt doc book free download. An object of this class is passed into the main function of a users switchyard program. The purpose of the database is to provide a basis for developing or improving equipment vulnerability functions. For every departure train of two or more departure trains, the processing entity applies logic. List of drawings page 1 of 2 substation package ais. Engineering questions and answers pdf free download. The dashed line are the twiss functions for particles with energy difference of e 1. Nov 17, 20 gods are provided to facilitate isolation of breakers supplying power to various feeders. Most asked technical basic civil mechanical cse eee ece it chemical medical mbbs jobs online quiz tests for freshers experienced. The fill for embankment ranges up to 27 feet in depth and the cut for excavation ranges up to 24 feet in depth. Loss of production and damaged goods are also important considerations. Solid state power substation technology roadmap department of. The function of the electric power delivery system is to transport electric power from generation sources to end users. Adobe acrobat reader dc software is the free global standard for reliably viewing, printing, and commenting on pdf documents.
Emerging technologies and future trends in substation. The communications network is the existing power line used for delivering power and control signals to the switchyard equipment. Standard switchyard panel room architectural drawing of panel. Using methods on this object, a user can sendreceive packets and query the device for what interfaces are available and how they are configured. Substation equipment important components of a substation with functions and responsibilities. Hybrid switchgear is a type which combines the components of traditional airinsulated switchgear ais and sf 6 gasinsulated switchgear gis technologies. It provide electrical isolation of the equipment, bus bar, and circuit from the live parts for maintenance purpose. Us20070299570a1 system and method for forecasting the. And now, its connected to the adobe document cloud. Switchyard equipment and structure be designed to safely withstand earthquake. Table 2 provides a general list of substation equipment types, their basic function, and the category of substations that they would be used in. Mar 18, 2020 a switching station may also be known as a switchyard, and these are commonly located directly adjacent to or nearby a power station.
Regular cleaning of switchyard including grass and weeds etc. This guidance is for owners and operators of electrical switchgear in industrial and. Switchyard switchyard overview downloads documentation community. The circuit breakers are typically highvoltage, highpower gas or oil type breakers. Our provided services are well executed by utilizing excellent quality methodology and advance technique and compliance with various industry defined norms and standards. Chapter8 switchyard equipment hv bus bars, switchyard. Aug 30, 2018 home technical articles substation main functions and classification primary distribution alstom 145kv gasinsulated switchgear gis f35 at the shuqaiq hv substation in saudi arabia an electrical substation is an assemblage of electrical components including busbars, switchgear, power transformers, auxiliaries etc. A switching substation, or switchyard, is a substation without transformers that operates only at.
The speed of the protection system consists primarily of two time intervals of interest. A plurality of monitoring devices are connected to respective pieces of switchyard equipment and associated with a common communications network. For design fmeas, this is the primary purpose or design intent of the item. Its main function is to receive energy transmitted at high voltage from the generating station, by either stepup or stepdown the voltage to a value appropriate for local use and provide facilities for switching. In order to evaluate emittances and beam size changes throughout the switchyard, we have performed simulations. Gods are provided to facilitate isolation of breakers supplying power to various feeders. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. A remote host computer is connected to the network to bidirectionally communicate with each monitoring device. Function 2 a function is what the item or process is intended to do, usually to a given standard of performance or requirement. Substation automation systems are responsible for the protection, monitoring and.
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